Mental Health And Its Effects On Society - 972 Words

Introduction: Identify issue or social problem Mental health is often overlooked in today’s society. Some people don’t understand the seriousness of mental health towards a person’s and other peoples well being. Mental health can affect many different people. According to the National Alliance of Mental Illness, â€Å"Approximately 1 in 5 adults in the U.S.—43.8 million, or 18.5%—experience mental illness in a given year.† (NAMI)Mental health is not acted upon as seriously as it should be, and should be treated like any other illness in the world. Living with poor mental health can affect the rest of your life. Mental health is one of the key components to living a healthy and long life, if your mental health is poor, it can affect your daily life and bring other health obstacles along the way. In today’s news, school shootings, along with other shootings around the world, have been taking place more frequently. The attackers of these attacks are often ruled out to have been suffe ring from a mental illness. Mental illness, as defined by the CDC, refers to as disorders generally characterized by dysregulation of mood, thought, and/or behavior, as recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition, of the American Psychiatric Association.(CDC) In today’s media, school shootings and other violent attacks have become common. In most of these cases the attacker is mostly ruled as being mentally ill. A policy dealing with the use and ownership of a firearm states,Show MoreRelatedMental Health And Its Effects On Society1289 Words   |  6 Pages Everyone is different in society. There are special individuals, which are affected by mental health illnesses. Mental health issues can affect society both negatively and positively. There are cultures that treat these individuals like the reincarnations of gods. On the other side, there are cultures that isolate these individuals and look for cures to these pathologies. Mental health illnesses are important because they have to be studied to understand their cause, whether it may be biologicalRead MoreMental Health Disorders And Its Effects On Children And Society1626 Words   |  7 PagesRelated issues Mental health disorders such as bipolar disorder and ADHD creates a burden on affected children and society at large. Commonly identified issues include financial impact on the family, effect of the illness on the child, social issues, occupational and academic functioning, racial impact, effects on family, stigma of the illness, suicide, economic burden on society, role of healthcare providers and cultural issues. Role of religion Whenever a child is diagnosed with a mental illness, parentsRead MoreThe Effects Of Stigma Surrounding Mental Illness1658 Words   |  7 PagesMental illness is a controversial topic in recent news. From Sandy Hook to the Aurora movie theatre shooting, the effects of mental illness have sparked fierce debate and negative stigma surrounding the issue. Mental illnesses, â€Å"patterns of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that are deviant, distressful, and dysfunctional† (Myers 562), affect 1 in 4 people at some point in their lives (Stigma and Discrimination). However, only 59.6% of people with mental illness report receiving treatment, as theyRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesgrown up in a different era of technology do not seem to understand the full effect of social media networks on teenagers. This increasingly large number shows the prevalence of its usage in our society, despite many of its negative effects. The use of social media a mong teens causes isolation, which largely contributes to the growing mental health issues of today’s society, and it would be extremely beneficial to society to limit the amount of time teenagers spend on these networks. Social mediaRead MoreMental Illness And Psychiatric Disability Essay1406 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinitions of mental health, mental illness and psychiatric disability, using bipolar disorder as an example to illustrate these points. Bipolar disorder will also be used to explain the concepts of the medical and social models of disability, highlight the influence these two models could have on people with the disorder and the experiences they might encounter. There will be a focus on some of the experiences a person suffering from mental illness might have in society, the effect these experiencesRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1734 Words   |  7 PagesMental health problems have become the major health and well-being issue amongst children and young adults. The physical health and the ability to perform at school, work and in society, highly depend on the mental health of an individual (Ollendick 2012). The Australian figures of a burden of the disease show that mental health problems occur in approximately 14% of young people aged 4–17 years, and 27 % in the 18–24-year-old age range. Most mental disorders, for example, attention deficit hyperactivityRead MoreHomelessness and Mental Illness1095 Words   |  5 Pagesstreets, who society has forgotten. This man emits the smell of garbage; he has not bathed in months. This man sits quietly mumbling to himself. To the outer world he is just one of the many homeless, but little does society know that this man has a mental illness as well. Homelessness and mental illness are linked. These two happenings have similar beginnings. Homelessness is influenced by drug and alcohol disuse, being homeless at a young age, money problems, and trauma symptoms. Mental illness isRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On Society1405 Words   |  6 Pagesonce stated, â€Å"Mental illness is nothing to be ashamed of, but stigma and bias shame us all.† Mental illness comes with multip le influences towards the daily life of an individual. On one hand, these individuals must try to manage the symptoms that arise with their disease. Mental health disorders can affect the way individuals perform at their jobs, their social life, and even being able to live alone (Corrigan Penn, 1997). On the other hand, the way society tends to view mental illnesses leadsRead MoreSocial Problem Being Explored Is The Low Rate Of Nepalese / Burmese Refugees With Ptsd Seeking Mental Health Services1681 Words   |  7 PagesIn Depth Theory Analysis The social problem being explored is the low rate of Nepalese/Burmese refugees with PTSD seeking mental health services due to attached stigma for seeking such services. This section will use ecological systems, conflict and social contrustionist perspectives to provide an in depth analysis of the issue. Conceptualizing Stigma The Nepalese/Burmese refugees follow Nepalese traditions and culture. Contextually PTSD does not exist in traditional Nepalese culture. (KohrtRead MoreMental Illness1511 Words   |  7 PagesWe have all had some subjection to mental illness, yet do we truly comprehend it or know what mental illness is? Are we able to grasp how it effects an individual, and how it arises to begin with? â€Å"A mental illness can be defined as a health condition that changes a persons thinking, feelings, or behavior (or all three) and that causes the person distress and difficulty in functioning† (Defining Mental Illness, 1970). Likewise, with numerous illnesses, mental illness is extreme at times and subdued

Education Purposes Of Education Essay - 1311 Words

Fall 2015 Purposes of Education The vocational purpose of education refers to the information and abilities students master through their learning experience in schools. In other words, the main goal of this purpose is to prepare literate and economically aware adults. In reference to early elementary school years, skills that students must master are basic addition/subtraction, memorization, learning to read, and basic sentence writing. Mastering these skills are an important piece of the economic educational purpose because in adulthood it often leads to the pursuit of a career and financial independence. Those adults that struggle with basic arithmetic and reading often settle for jobs that simply pay the bills, rarely do they have an opportunity to pursue a career that they love. Without fully grasping these skills, it makes it impossible to understand higher order thinking skills, like analysis and dialectic reasoning. For example, the majority of adults will have to analyze a legal document, apply their knowledge of arithmetic to determine a budget for their family, and be placed in everyday situations where they must think critically. Without the skills, it would be impossible for someone to perform these actions. The vocational purpose of education is to prepare students with the skills that they will need to be successful in life once they reach adulthood. Teachers In the elementary school systems, behaviorism is a very important psychological theory forShow MoreRelatedThe Purpose Of Education1038 Words   |  5 Pagescommon good refers to the advantage of all people in society. The purpose of education is to prepare students with the life skills they need to be better citizens when they become adults. Most schools promote the idea of the common good in their mission statements. My school mission statement is, â€Å"The mission of the Wadsworth City Schools, in cooperation with families, school personnel, and community, is to provide an education in a safe environment that will enable all students to reach theirRead MoreThe Purpose Of Education1041 Words   |  5 PagesEducation has always played an important role within societies and still continues to do so. Education certainly has numerous purposes. From my point of view, the purpose of education is to transfer a wide range of knowledge to students in various fields in order to pursue life ambitions such as job opportunities, research and to prepare students for life and enhancing their current abilities. Education will build and develop the necessary skills required in order for individuals to communicateRead MoreThe Purpose Of Education1918 Words   |  8 Pages1. What is the purpose of education? The purpose of education is to develop young minds with the values and principles that are required of a being a productive and thriving citizen. An education gives children the ability to think and reason critically. It is extremely important that children are educated to think for \right and wrong. For example, children that do not graduate high school. The number of adults in correctional facilities with high school diplomas versus those without are very unbalancedRead MorePurpose of Education Essay669 Words   |  3 PagesEssay: The Purpose of Education Everyday we go to school to receive our education, but what is the purpose of education? Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech, â€Å"The Purpose of Education† and Frank O’Connor’s short story, â€Å"Christmas Morning,† both discuss what is the purpose of education. The purpose of education is to acknowledge not only one’s intelligence, but also one’s character, provide one with the ability to make decisions and achieve their goals. One of the purposes of education is to acknowledgeRead MoreThe Definition And The Purpose Of Education1484 Words   |  6 Pagesthe definition and the purpose of education. I first define education as a particularly social activity through the integration from different views. Then I introduce the education in China, in the process of quality education reform, which can be taken as a shift from the utilization of education. The current situation, however, is unsatisfactory and problematic because the reform seems to be just a formality. Partially as a solution to this, I describe the purpose of education to focus on the preparationRead MorePurpose Of College Education1041 Words   |  5 Pageshave a college education because they do not consider important factor when it comes to make an important choice in this case, your career. Today in America the purpose of a college education can be interpretive in different ways and meaning depending on the position of each person in the arti cles,â€Å"Post-College Success Not All About the Money† and â€Å"Higher Education and the â€Å"American Dream†: Why the Status Quo Won’t Get Us There† states and support that the purpose of a college education is to find yourselfRead MorePurpose of Higher Education1129 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent theories for the purpose of higher education in The New Yorker’s article named, Live and Learn: Why We Have College. Menand (2011) claims that the reasons for a college education are meritocratic, democratic, and vocational. These theories are great models for the purpose of higher education in our culture at different points in our history. Our colleges and universities conduct instruction with clear and definite intentions. The institutions of higher education adopt certain techniques designedRead MoreThe Purpose Of University Education968 Words   |  4 Pages The purpose of university education is not only to gain more knowledge for future care ers, but to educate people from becoming illiterate. University education was first established in 1636 by John Harvard. His first purpose was to train students to becoming Christian ministers, which resulted into a prestigious school for students to attend. Harvard University, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts was primarily a puritan college because of the era of strict religious beliefs in society. StudentsRead More The Purpose of an Education Essay548 Words   |  3 PagesThe Purpose of an Education Many of today’s youth do not see the purpose of education. Students, however, have goals and ambitions they want to fulfill when they reach adulthood. They want to be the lawyers, doctors, teachers, computer analysts, and government officials. They want to have salaries that exceed $50,000 so they can drive the BMW(s) and Lexus(es). To fill these positions, young people need to meet the qualifications and they will see that it fundamentally comes down toRead More The Purpose of Education Essay687 Words   |  3 PagesPurpose of Education In almost every culture and in all parts of the world, getting an education is valuable to a person’s future. But what is it that makes education so valuable? What is the purpose of an education starting from the early stages of a child’s development into adolescents, and from adolescents into adulthood? There are many different reasons why a K-12 education is important. Although Kindergarten seems like a place where kids color all day and have

Dental Nursing Surgical Risk Calculator

Question: Describe about the Dental Nursing for Surgical Risk Calculator. Answer: Introduction: Dental nursing requires a complete knowledge about teeth and various associated parts; disease involved and their care. A vast knowledge about the treatment and medication is required by a professional to handle patient. So the following report contains a broad perspective of dental nursing and its various applications and activities: Organisational and legal requirements: A dental nurse must be well accustomed to the various styles of practices of the dentists and physicians besides maintaining a curriculum of activities. The General Dental Council or GDC of professional dental support a complete documentation about an individual patient including the description of the issues, entire information about the duration of his treatment, health care record and medications provided. The nurses should also maintain the record of the continuous revival of the patient, evaluate his problem and maintain the quality of the care that should be provided. A detailed documental record should be maintained. A professional needs to entirely follow NHS policies for safe nursing. The information about the patients is very confidential and should be strictly maintained under Data Protection Act. Nurses should maintain such confidentiality and should only discuss the issues only when the duty demands so or as required due to relevant law or legislation (Pierce 2014). Importance of informed consent: The patient should be completely informed about the pros and cons of the treatment to be followed and should be given entire privilege to decide for himself. It is only after the patient's consent that the treatment or test would be conducted ( Bilimoria et al. 2013). There is a legal angle behind this. Under certain conditions, the patient might complain of being misled. This might simply arise from a miscommunication between either of the stakeholders. Under such case, the patient might file complaints indicating that the entire situation arose because of treachery from the nurses side which may charge the nurse for physical assault and would be punishable. So detailed discussion should be conducted, and everything should be clarified before the patient gives consent. Hence obtaining consent after a detailed discussion is necessary. Policy and procedure of handling complaint: A nurse who is handling the complaint section must try to resolve the problem of the patient at the hospital level only and should not try to linger it too long. This would result in the patient to seek for bigger governing bodies like Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman, Citizens Advice Bureau, etc. that would demean the image of hospitals. The policy of the complaint should be followed thoroughly and discussed with the patient. The complaints should be managed according to national frameworks, and the discussion should be clear and less defensive (Young 2016). The entire process should be easy, well publicized and transparent. It should have a rapid but easy procedure and should be followed by the authority for their betterment. Methods of oral health assessment: A Mouth mirror is the most common instrument that is used by dental professional to assess the inside view of the mouth. It might be flat, concave or round shaped with or without the light that helps to visualize those parts, which are difficult to view. Besides, it also helps to retract the tongue or the cheek muscles to complete a complex surgery or any other procedures. Dental explorers are probes, which are used by professionals to view over the surface of teeth for considering any decays there or behind previous fillings or other restorative works. Probes are also used during surgery of root canal and help in viewing any cracks on the ceiling of the pulp portion. Periodontal probes help in measuring the distance between teeth and gums. Fiber optic illuminations are extensively used because professionals find it easier to find more enamel as well as dentinal lesions. It can be used in other caries diagnosis as well. Radiographic Assessment like the use of Orthopantogram is a kind of X-ray that helps in scanning the jaws. They observe anatomical structures such as bony structures, air shadows, soft tissue parts as well as the walls and floor of maxillary antrum. Maxilla and temporal bones are also observed for any abnormality. Various study models help in assessing the oral health of a population when dental examination becomes expensive, unworkable and time-consuming. It involves a step by step approach that involves large scale consensus building a program for dental professionals and practitioners. It involves identification of stakeholders, planning a program with self-assessment, collecting primary and secondary data and evaluating the assessment after collection of the data. Types of chart used in oral health assessment: BPE is Basic Periodontal Examination which is a tool that is not used directly in diagnosing but is required to determine the level of importance required. A casual guidance can then be provided. Full periodontal charting ponders over the overall dental health and gives guidelines to maintain a natural set of teeth. It involves the location of gingival margin as well as furcating or mobility (WHO 2013). The other parameter includes clinical attachment loss or CAL. It then recommends care based on this diagnosis. FDI or Federation Dentaire International charting is an internationally accepted charting that gives information about the position of a particular tooth. Here the chart gives the view of a dentist where the dentists left points the patients right. Importance of taking dental images Radiographs: Dental X-rays become important because visual examination may not provide the professionals with the root of origin of the problems. If after the tests, one does not find any cavities or growth issues then the individual may be sure of the situation (Corea et al. 2014). Photographs: Dental photographs have various uses which include the abnormalities of the mouth cavity that helps the physician with the treatment. It also helps in teaching the students as well as the patients of the various complications, forming case studies and making documentations on them. Materials used in oral health assessment: Alginate is an elastic and hydrocolloid material, which is irreversible and provides an impression. They are of immense use in dental care because they form sports mouth guard, indirect restorations, various models in orthodontics and bleaching trays. Silicone has more or less similar function and activity like alginate. This material used in dental impressions is costlier than the previous (Joiner et al. 2014). The elastomer is also a synthetic compound used extensively in providing impressions for dental treatment. It includes polysulphide and polyether. Methods of measuring pulp vitality, its advantage and disadvantage: The pulp vitality testing helps in diagnosing the condition of the dental pulp after a critical surgery. The two old method even used extensively is the thermal method and electric pulp testing. These tests depend on the innervations levels. So it does not provide a correct result. Nowadays researchers are working on them extensively. To determine the condition of pulpal circulation, these tests are conducted (Katatoka et al. 2016) Modern technologies like oximetries are developed to give a better insight of the pulpal depths that would help further in the pulp vitality testing. Morphology and anatomy of structure of primary and second dentition: Primary dentition: The crowns are short, constricted with thin enamel and dentine. The roots are narrow, longer and more slender. The pulps are relatively longer. The mandibular incisors are central and flat. Maxillary incisor is the only tooth that has a greater width in comparison. Maxillary first molar is unique. Secondary maxillary molar is similar to permanent counterpart but smaller (Brand et al. 2013). Mandibular first molar has four cusps. Mandibular second molar resembles the permanent counterpart. Canines are long and sharp. Secondary Dentition: The secondary dentition consists of about 32 teeth with four incisors, two canines, two premolars and three molars in each jaw. Usually the last molars of each jaw are normally not present and may eject later in age giving a painful feeling. It consists of a normal crown, root, and pulp structure with the supporting tissues and muscles. Structure and function of periodontium: The periodontium is a special set of tissues, which are mainly responsible for holding the teeth in its position in the mandibular and the maxillary zones. It has four important parts such as the gum (gingiva), cementum (covering of tooth), alveolar bone and periodontal ligament (Goncalves et al. 2015). Each of them has a distinct location, structure, and function that help them to adapt to the surrounding for a lifetime. Gum is mainly responsible for holding the teeth in its place firmly. It is strongly attached to the underlying bone and prevents any shock to deeper tissues. Cementum is a calcified material that covers the root and binds the teeth with the alveolar bone with the help of periodontal ligament. The alveolar bone consists of the sockets where the teeth remain attached. The periodontal ligament is the connecting medium between the cementum and the alveolar bone. Location and function of salivary gland and muscles of mastication: Salivary gland: The largest salivary gland called the parotid gland is situated anterior to the temporal bone and posterior to the mandible. They are responsible for secretion of saliva and production of salivary amylase that helps breaking down of starch (Raz et al. 2013). The other pair is the submandibular glands, which is present below the lower jaws and helps in producing the maximum amount of saliva. The pair of sublingual glands are present beneath the tongue and produces saliva. Muscles of mastication: Primary muscles include masseter, temporal, lateral Pterygoid and medial Pterygoid. Accessory muscles include digastrics, stylohyoid and mylohyoid and geniohyoid. Infrahyoid muscles involve sternohyoid, thyrohyoid and omohyoid. All of them help in mastication processes by their movement. Structure of maxilla and mandible: Maxilla: The upper jaw bone is called the maxilla.it is made up of two maxillary bone joined at the intermaxillary suture. It includes the palate of the mouth. Mandible: Mandible is the lower jaw, which is immovable (Lindhe et al. 2013). The bone is formed at the mandibular symphysis, which is a ridge present more or less in the midline of the anterior part. Movement of the temporomandibular joint: The temporomandibular joint contains three surface articulation the head of the mandible, the articular tubercle, and mandibular fossa. They remain separated by articular disc. Fibrocartilage covers the articular disk. The extracapsular ligaments help in the stabilisation of the joints (Reddy et al. 2014). The lateral pterygoid muscle guides protrusion. Geniohyoid and digastrics muscles maintain retraction. The lower part helps in opening and closing the mouth permitted by elevation and depression. Nerve and blood supply to teeth: The maxillary artery arises from the carotid artery and supplies blood to the maxilla and mandibular teeth. The teeth, bone, and periodontium receives sensory innervations from both the left and right trigeminal nerves. Medical conditions affecting oral tissues: Oral cancer occurs mainly occurs above age 40 mainly in mouth, salivary gland, tonsils or back of the throat. People suffering from diabetes might have periodontal disease, gum inflammation, oral candidiasis because of high level of glucose in blood. HIV results in cavities or dry mouth. STD causes sores inside mouth. Anorexia results in osteoporosis resulting in weakening of jaw bones (Neville et al. 2015). Bulimia results in stomach acids that erode tooth enamel, tooth erosion, and sensitivity. Besides hepatitis, leukoplakia, mental illness, xerostomia may lead to various abnormalities in tooth condition. Effects of aging on oral tissues: Periodontitis is present by 70% in people above 60 to 70 years. Factors involve unhealthy social, behavioral, economic practices. Loss of periodontal assessment along with biomolecular changes in the associated cells mainly results from aging. Alteration of endocrine secretion and differentiation of osteoblasts or osteoclasts are the main reasons. Medical conditions guiding treatment planning: A toothache and swelling and pus around teeth require quick attendance. Stained teeth require whitening Where the doctor uses whitening agent and a special light. It might also be bleached. Cavities in teeth need sealing by professionals. In case of chipped teeth, the nurse will bind a strong resin kind of substance to teeth and if pulp is affected root canal is done by dentists. Cracks in teeth may be treated with sealing, a root canal or may be pulled out depending upon the extent of the crack. Commonness of oral diseases: Prevention: Brushing twice a day after meal and regularly visiting dentists is the primary step towards prevention. One should floss daily and change the toothbrush after every three months. Fluoride treatments are of immense help. One should lead a healthy lifestyle to avoid problems (Bourgeois et al. 2015). Various disease is having side effects on teeth should be treated immediately. Diagnosis of oral disease; Professionals should immediately diagnose any abnormality in the teeth, gum or any parts of the mouth before the conditions worsen and surgery is required. Various diseases have different treatment that is discussed by doctors after thorough examinations (Regezi et al. 2013). These might include root canal, /bleaching, Scaling or uprooting the tooth or simple medication. Management of oral disease: Oral diseases may be controlled and managed by proper diagnosis and treatment. Instructions of professional, if followed properly will protect the teeth from further damage and better condition can be sustained. Main classes of drugs and uses: Analgesics: Ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin, corticosteroids, codeine and hydrocodone helps in relieving pain and redness from mouth. Fever can be treated as well. Anesthetics: 2% lidocaine hydrochloride and 2% mepivacaine are examples of anesthetics that can be used to reduce pain from pain-sensing nerves and help during surgery. Antibiotics: Penicillin and amoxicillin are used for different infections. Clindamycin helps in treatment of harmful bacteria in serious cases (Kozma et al. 2016) Antifungal, antiseptics and benzodiazepines are used in this field as well. Storing of drugs in dental setting: Dental medicines should be differentiated and stocked separately into solid preparation and liquid preparation. This reduces the risk of choosing the wrong ones (Lden et al. 2013). Stock control and order should be verified. Oral medicines which follow non oral route administration must be kept separately. Function of respiratory and circulatory system: Respiratory system helps in production of energy by the breakdown of glucose in the cells after carrying oxygen to the cells through complex biological reactions. Circulatory system: The blood circulatory system and the lymphatic system mainly helps in circulation. Blood carries deoxygenated blood from different parts of the body to heart and oxygenated blood from heart to different parts of body (Kolettas et al. 2014). Changes leading to medical emergency: Shortness of breath requires a quick medical emergency. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bronchitis, and Emphysema require treatment. Myocardial infarction, cardiac necrosis, chest discomfort and pain requires immediate attention and treatment Pulmonary Embolism is also dangerous. Signs and Symptoms of medical emergencies: Difficulty in breathing, speaking, feeling of weakness, dizziness and fainting, chest or upper abdominal pain, shortness of breath and asthma, severe pain, uncontrollable bleeding, vomiting and diarrhea all result in immediate medical emergencies. Response to medical emergency: Professionals in case of handling medical emergency follow a three steps procedure. It includes prevention, preparation, and action. The professional should have a quick glimpse of the history of the patient with immediate observation with the exact symptoms he is facing (Visser et al. 2014). After the thorough analysis if one can handle the situation alone, then he must immediately plan up the process of treatment and start immediate medical treatment. Otherwise, he should consult with colleagues and take necessary steps. Conclusion: The above report gives an entire overview of the anatomy of teeth and associated parts, the diseases concerned and their various ways of treatment and medication. This would entirely help a professional to have a detailed idea about his procedure and activities that he has to fulfill his duty to be a successful professional. References: Bilimoria, K.Y., Liu, Y., Paruch, J.L., Zhou, L., Kmiecik, T.E., Ko, C.Y. and Cohen, M.E., 2013. Development and evaluation of the universal ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator: a decision aid and informed consent tool for patients and surgeons.Journal of the American College of Surgeons,217(5), pp.833-842. Bourgeois, D.M., Phantumvanit, P., Llodra, J.C., Horn, V., Carlile, M. and Eisel, J.L., 2014. Rationale for the prevention of oral diseases in primary health care: an international collaborative study in oral health education.International dental journal,64(s2), pp.1-11. Brand, R.W., Isselhard, D.E. and Satin, E., 2013.Anatomy of orofacial structures: a comprehensive approach. Elsevier Health Sciences. Correa, L.R., Spinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Neto, R., Stavropoulos, A., Schropp, L., da Silveira, H.E.D. and Wenzel, A., 2014. Planning of dental implant size with digital panoramic radiographs, CBCTà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ generated panoramic images, and CBCT crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ sectional images.Clinical oral implants research,25(6), pp.690-695. Gonalves, P.F., Sallum, E.A., Sallum, A.W., Casati, M.Z., Toledo, S. and Junior, F.H.N., 2015. Dental cementum reviewed: development, structure, composition, regeneration and potential functions.Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences,4(12), pp.651-658. Joiner, A., Parker, A.P. and Philpotts, C.J., Conopco Inc., 2015.Oral care compositions comprising pearlescent pigments. U.S. Patent 9,050,250. Kataoka, S.H.H., Setzer, F.C., Gondim-Junior, E., Fregnani, E.R., Moraes, C.J.P., Pessoa, O.F., Gavini, G. and Caldeira, C.L., 2016. Late Effects of Head and Neck Radiotherapy on Pulp Vitality Assessed by Pulse Oximetry.Journal of endodontics,42(6), pp.886-889. Kolettas, A., Grosomanidis, V., Kolettas, V., Zarogoulidis, P., Tsakiridis, K., Katsikogiannis, N., Tsiouda, T., Kiougioumtzi, I., Machairiotis, N., Drylis, G. and Kesisis, G., 2014. Influence of apnoeic oxygenation in respiratory and circulatory system under general anaesthesia.Journal of thoracic disease,6(1), pp.S116-S145. Kozma, C., Munschauer, F. and Phillips, A., 2016. Real-World Assessment of Relapse Rates in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Newly Initiating Subcutaneous Interferon -1a vs Oral Disease-Modifying Drugs (P6. 178).Neurology,86(16 Supplement), pp.P6-178. Lindhe, J., Bressan, E., Cecchinato, D., Corr, E., Toia, M. and Liljenberg, B., 2013. Bone tissue in different parts of the edentulous maxilla and mandible.Clinical oral implants research,24(4), pp.372-377. Lden, C.P., Eng Eibak, L.E., Rasmussen, K.E., Pedersen-Bjergaard, S., Andersen, T. and Gjelstad, A., 2013. Storage of oral fluid as dried spots on alginate and chitosan foam-a new concept for oral fluid collection.Bioanalysis,5(3), pp.317-325. Neville, B.W., Damm, D.D., Chi, A.C. and Allen, C.M., 2015.Oral and maxillofacial pathology. Elsevier Health Sciences. Pierce, R., 2014. Statutory Solutions for a Common Law Defect: Advancing the Nurse Practitioner-Patient Privilege, 47 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1077 (2014).The John Marshall Law Review,47(3), p.9. Raz, E., Saba, L., Hagiwara, M., de Cruz, L.H., Som, P.M. and Fatterpekar, G.M., 2013. Parotid Gland Atrophy in Patients with Chronic Trigeminal Nerve Denervation.American Journal of Neuroradiology,34(4), pp.860-863. Regezi, J.A., Sciubba, J.J. and Jordan, R.C., 2016.Oral pathology: clinical pathologic correlations. Elsevier Health Sciences. Visser, P., Dwyer, A., Moran, J., Britton, M., Heland, M., Ciavarella, F., Schutte, S. and Jones, D., 2014. Medical emergency response in a sub-acute hospital: improving the model of care for deteriorating patients.Australian Health Review,38(2), pp.169-176. World Health Organization, 2013.Oral health surveys: basic methods. World Health Organization. Young, M.R., 2016. How to turn complaints into compliments.BDJ Team,3, p.16051.

John Wilkes Booths life and his assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Table of Contents Introduction Career as an Actor Business Ventures His Interest in Politics Assassination of Lincoln Conclusion Works Cited Introduction John Wilkes Booth was born at Bel Air in Hartford County, Maryland on May 10, 1838, to Junius Brutus Booth and Mary Ann Holmes. Who had come to the United States from England in June 1821(Clarke, 79). He was shot dead on April 26 1865, at the age of 26. He secretly married the daughter of Senator John Hale of New Hampshire. As a young boy, Booth was athletic and popular. He went on to become a skilled equestrian and fencer.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on John Wilkes Booth’s life and his assassination of Abraham Lincoln specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He attended Bel Air Academy in 1850-1851. He was intelligence, though he was not interested in education, he loved horses, fencing and entertaining people. He later attended Milton boarding sch ool for boys at Sparks Maryland, were he nurtured his love for acting classical work (Wilson, 113). He later joined St. Timothy’s Hall an Episcopal Military at Catonsville Maryland. Were he was under strict supervision and as a result, he later on sympathized with the South’s Confederation Army and gave them support. Due to the sudden dead of his father, Booth dropped out of school a year later after joining the school. At the age of sixteen Booth was interested in theatre were he went on and became a leading actor. Career as an Actor Although inexperienced Booth made is first debut on August 1855 as a supporting actor, at Earl of Richmond at Baltimore’s Charles Street Theatre. Afterwards he joined a Stock Company at Arch Street Theatre at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1857. However, he was not as good as his half brother in elocution. He nevertheless captured the imagination of his audience, by growing into an outstanding and accomplished actor (Townsend, 55). He played his part with such great enthusiasm that the audiences admired him. He made his first acting appearance in New York City in May 1862, he made his Boston debut, playing nightly at the Boston museum in Richard III Romeo and Juliet May 13, the Boston Transcript‘s review the next day called Booth; In January 1863, Booth’s acting career was looking bright, when he returned to Boston. Business Ventures He invested in varies ventures like land speculation at Boston’s back bay section also invested in 31.5 acre farm were oil had previously been discovered and by early 1864 they had drilled a 1,900ft well yielding 25 barrels per day at Allegheny river. The Civil War in the South was getting complicated. With Lincoln’s re-election, it was clear that there was no end in site. Booth abandoned the oil business on November 27, 1865Advertising Looking for research paper on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Le arn More There was no much know about is business venture, this was because he died young and he devoted most of is time to acting and enjoying the fine things of life, and the involvement in politics, did not allow him to concentrate on his business. His Interest in Politics In April 12 1861, a civil war broke out, his admiration for the South’s secession had become an obsession, and he publicly advocated for South’s secession in November 6 1860. Later on during the civil war, 11 states seceded from the Union, but home state of Booth favored joining the Union, at the same time, Lincoln suspended the writ of habeas corpus and imposed a martial law (Rhodehamel, 58). That saw Maryland remain with the Union, which lead to the arrest and imprisonment of pro- secession Maryland political leader and the stationing of Federal troops at Baltimore. Booth was against the abolition of slavery and the right of the former slaves to vote that he wrote a letter criticizing the Unio n Government for wanting to abolish slavery. He cooperated with the South’s Confederation Army by smuggling quinine for them. Assassination of Lincoln The prospect of re-election of President Lincoln angered Booth so much that he regretted having promised his mother for not joining the military. He was disappointed, to the point of regret as to why he never acted before to put to an end the life of the Union main supporters. This gave him more reason as to why he should kidnap Lincoln with an aim of exchanging him for the South’s prisoners. He recruited Samuel Arnold and Michael O’Laughlen to help him carry out is plan. After a landslide win, President Lincoln advocated for the rights of former slaves to vote. That man’s looks, his coarse low jokes and anecdotes, his vulgar similes, and his policy are a disgrace to the seat he holds. He made the tool of the North, to crush out slavery. When the President stated his desire for giving the former slaves an o pportunity to choose their leader and participate in the nations building process, at a gathering at, white house. This speech disappointed Booth so much that he decided that that would be last public appearance of Lincoln. In April 14 1865, Booth went to Ford’s theatre to get is mail, while there he was informed that the President and his wife will be attending the play at the theatre that evening.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on John Wilkes Booth’s life and his assassination of Abraham Lincoln specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This presented a perfect opportunity to carry out is assassination attempt (Smith, 120). He therefore immediately went on to make plans to assassinate the President. As he had access to the Lincoln box, later that evening after confirming the presence of the President, he slipped into the box at 10pm and shot the President. Booth as a fugitive on April 26, he was tr acked and shot dead at Garrett’s farm, just south of Port Royal, Caroline County, Virginia. Conclusion There is some controversies surrounding the death of Booth, with some historians indicating that Booth had escaped to Japan, and there was an attempt to cover up, till to date it can’t be authoritatively be proven whether he was the one indeed shot died at Garrett’s farm. Therefore, there is a need to conclusively, lie to rest these theories by performing a DNA test on his remains to prove his identity for the last time. Works Cited Clarke, James. A Sister’s Memoir. USA: University Press of Mississippi, 1996. Print. Rhodehamel, John. The Writings of John Wilkes Booth. USA: University of Illinois, 1997. Print. Smith, Gene. The story of America’s legendary theatrical family. New York: 1992. Print. Townsend, George. The life, crime and capture of John Wilkes Booth. New York: 1977. Print. Wilson, Francis. John Wilkes Booth. New York: 1972. Print.Adver tising Looking for research paper on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This research paper on John Wilkes Booth’s life and his assassination of Abraham Lincoln was written and submitted by user Vargas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

euthyphro and socrates Essay

euthyphro and socrates Essay euthyphro and socrates Essay Good vs Evil Evelyn Jenkins Instructor Jon Stern Phi208 Ethics and Moral Reasoning February 10, 2014 The concept of holiness emerges in the dialogue as Socrates meets up with man of religion, Euthyphro, outside of King Archon’s court. Euthyphro is described as a religious mystic due to the fact that he has made prophecies that came true after many laughed at him when he described these ideas to others. Euthyphro intends to charge his own father with murder, where the possible outcome could be death. Euthyphro uses the examples of doing what the gods’ do- what Zeus did to Cronos, and Cronos to Uranus. Socrates feels that Euthyphro is very intelligent, and would not seek such a charge if he was not so well informed on piety and impiety. Socrates, himself is being tried for impiety, and what better person than Euthyphro, to teach Socrates what is piety and what is impiety. The next part of this assignment is what caused me to read, re-read, and re-read again this story, as I became confused, then more confused, as to what Euthyphro was trying to define to Soc rates. Does he really ever give Socrates the definition of piety and impiety? At first Euthyphro explains that â€Å"What I am doing is pious.†, as he is talking about prosecuting a murderer, his father. But throughout this explanation Socrates turns the tables on Euthyphro, claiming that Euthyphro has yet to prove his father’s actions even constitute an actual murder. Socrates gives Euthyphro another chance to explain the definition, as he feels that was not a valid explanation due to Euthyphro ended up doing nothing more than contradicting himself. Euthypho’s next attempt to define what Socrates is asking, is more what Socrates is looking for, and somewhat more understandable than the, â€Å"it is what I do† response he previous tried to convey. Euthyphro states, â€Å"Piety, then, is which is dear to the Gods, and impiety is that which is not dear to them.† Socrates now brings up that Euthyphro has already spoke about the Gods and their disagreements among themselves as to what may please one God may not please another God, what is dear to one could possibly not be dear to another, and what may displease one God would please the next. With Gods that have many disputes with one another, Socrates again does not have to refute what Euthyphro says, because again Euthyphro refutes himself with his own definition. On his third attempt Euthyphro suggests,† that what all Gods love is pious and holy, and the opposite which they all hate is impious. Socrates refutation is clearly said to the effects of, just because you love something holy does not explain why that is holy, only that whatever it is, is loved. Being holy because something is loved by all gods still does not tell you what that something is, or why it is holy. As I read many times through the dialogue, I could not figure out what the argument was originally. Did he not just want a definition of piety and impiety? Was

Introduction To The Italian Renaissance History Essay Example

Introduction To The Italian Renaissance History Essay Example Introduction To The Italian Renaissance History Essay Introduction To The Italian Renaissance History Essay The Italian Renaissance marked an epoch that was to signal the re-birth of many disregarded ideals, but besides the abetment of new values, Torahs and rules. Artists and designers flourished, metropoliss became cognizant of their heritage and history, Restoration and reclamation became of import and valuable ideals. Although every Italian metropolis is said to hold undergone a period of Renaissance, Florence was seen as the representative of the whole. Its ideals and aspirations were so of import and radical that they were to act upon the whole of Italy, and for that affair, the Western universe. Firenze is regarded as the girl of Rome, due to the fact that she had been founded by Roman colonists in 1 BC. However, at assorted points throughout the Renaissance, she surpassed the metropolis of Rome in many respects. Scholars have asserted that her primacy over Rome in the early Renaissance period was chiefly due to her pre-Renaissance success as a trade capital of the West. As a democracy, Florence was far superior than any modern-day Italian metropolis. All dwellers had the right to be involved in political relations ; many partook in some signifier of governmental office. Firenze was get downing a procedure of urban sprawl and of rapid growing, which of course increased the power of authorities within Florence. With its dependent settlements, the Florentines made known their desire to go an independent and self-governed State in Italy ; a construct that was extolled in the 12th Century, and was to be vehemently proposed by the Florentines throughout the Renaissance. Rome, nevertheless, was non sing the prosperity and enlargement that was all excessively evident within Florence. Its temporal power was diminishing quickly, and with the remotion of the Papacy to Avignon, its religious influence was no more than titular ; Rome was in general decay. Although Rome was to eventually excel Florence in footings of Renaissance art, civilization and Restoration, it is obvious that economic, political and cultural differences that were evident instantly before the Renaissance within Rome would hold a profound consequence on the grounds for its abetment. Firenze modelled itself on the ancient ideal of a Roman Republic but besides had recourse to ideals that pertained to a Grecian metropolis, which hence necessitated the debut of ancient political values such as ground, pragmatism and pragmatism. In ancient Greece and Rome the Florentines noted an model ideal ; an ideal that espoused practical policies that gave each citizen autonomy and freedom. Every facet of the Florentine Renaissance was instigated in order to achieve Republican position. Florentines extolled the ideals of democracy, virtuousness and equality and of course aspired to make a province that would idolize such model Torahs. Texts that pertained to the credence and recognition of a Republic were read, rediscovered and translated, and all art, architecture and instruction was instigated in order to foster the Republican ideal. However, in contrast, Rome held the ideal that the Renaissance was chiefly instigated in order to spread out and beef up the Roman Empire. Roman intellectualism was seen to exceed that that was preached in Florence, in the sense that it acclaimed the cryptic yesteryear of Rome, and was hence above and beyond the mere ground and pragmatism that was being extolled by the Florentines. The bulk of Florentines were of course dismayed at Rome s aspirations towards the abetment and Restoration of an Empire, chiefly because of the deficiency of civil autonomies and freedom of address that an Empire induced, and that Caesar had manifested that the ideal of an Empire was merely infeasible. Rome was neer contributing to a Republican clime and made sure that, although many humanists and creative persons had a comparatively big sum of freedom, they were neer allowed to act upon the public universe ; a autonomy that had been taken for granted in Florence. Rome was to be restored to its Imperial impressiveness ; an ideal that was contained in many creative person s work, including that of Bramante. Although the thought of the Restoration of an Empire was an of import aspiration, Rome and the Papacy maintained that this ideal would merely win in the ultimate purpose of reenforcing Rome as the Centre of Christendom. Naturally, this was an facet of the Renaissance that could mer ely be attributed to Rome, and hence distinguishing Rome from the Renaissance in Florence. Julius II focused specifically on the alone and all-enveloping Roman ideal of Renovatio Romae and instantly ascertained the demand to reconstruct the Universal Church by asseverating and adopting Rome as the Centre of the Christian religion. Rome existed unambiguously as the metropolis of antiquity and enigma ; and this built-in enigma and awe was declarative of Christ and St. Peter. Although the metropolis of Rome was so at the head of the Renaissance, its ideals and ideas behind the construct of the Renaissance differed radically from those held by the Florentines. Sixtus IV declared Rome as the capital of Christianity instead than the capital of humanitarianism, and hence accommodated the Restoration of Rome as a Christian capital. The Renaissance in Rome was neer to the full concerned with simply fostering its artistic and cultural domination over the remainder of Italy, instead the Papacy recognised that the Renaissance was concerned with the physical Restoration of the Church in Rome ; i.e. the Restoration of Churches and other apostolic edifices. Although there was widespread apostolic acknowledgment of the advantages of cultural and artistic architecture in fostering the cause of the Church, the instauratio Ecclesias Romae and Renovatio urbis were cardinal subjects evident within the Roman Renaissance ; subjects missing in the Renaissance of the Florentines. It is apparent to see that Rome differed rather well from Florence due to its place within Christendom. Certain Renaissance thoughts may hold emanated from Florence and had an consequence on Rome, but Florence was at an obvious disadvantage. Within Florence, the Restoration and redevelopment of the metropolis was chiefly due to the Florentine s aspirations to be regarded as a Republic ; Cosimo deMedici even ruled, banked and acted as an ancient Roman. Within Rome nevertheless, the Restoration of the metropolis and the administration of its construction was in no respects due to affluent bargainers and moneymans desiring to copy a Grecian metropolis, instead that the monolithic inflow of pilgrims falling on Rome during specially commissioned Jubilee old ages necessitated an advanced metropolis program. The pilgrims hence determined the overall character of the metropolis so the Ponte Sisto was built in order to relieve the constriction that was happening when pilgrims used the narrower Pont SantAngelo. The Renaissance in itself brought approximately many unanticipated and unbelievable transmutations within Italian society, none more noteworthy than the reform of the instruction system. Cities and towns were undergoing a extremist alteration, in that the educated, who were largely clergy, were being ousted by laypersons. Many bookmans and humanists of the Renaissance began to read heathen texts ; Platonic academies were formed ( Ficino 1433-99 ) , and assorted humanists began to laud the virtuousnesss of such ancient masterly bookmans. The Church could no longer decline entree to ancient heathen texts, but was of course concerned as to the effects of such wonder. Indeed, from the wonder and avidity to detect heathen texts came the controversial impression of man whole and complete : Certain Florentines asserted that the virtuousness and beauty of adult male was an terminal in itself. Rome, as the Centre of Christendom, of course had to rebut this position and assert that all Resto rations, finds and beauties of adult male were made in the visible radiation of the glorification of God. Although this ideal was neer expressed significantly throughout Florence, humanists such as Alberti besides focused on the demand for wealth and ownerships and maintained that beauty and art were in themselves the ultimate end of being. Last, with respect to the differences between the Florentine and Roman Renaissance, it is of import to observe that creative persons and humanists in Rome, although complaining of the restrictions of the proposed Empire, were really limited to a greater extent by a city-state such as Florence. In Rome, the chances of an urban capital were far greater than those of an independent metropolis. To a certain extent Rome was less prone to disturbance by external and internal political and societal events that might prematurely hold the activity of the Renaissance ; whereas Florence was to the full exposed to the Spanish and Gallic invasions, and the Medici rise to power. Such breaks merely served to control the procedure of the Florentine Renaissance, whereas in Rome, the procedure of Restoration and reclamation was in full advancement. Due to the deficiency of ill-timed breaks, the changeless inflow of Florentine creative persons and the augmented procedure of urban Restoration, Rome was eventually seen as the Renaissance capital of Italy ; and eventually surpassed its girl, the failed Republic of Florence.

Analyze how Beth and Calvins own family backgrounds influence and Essay

Analyze how Beth and Calvins own family backgrounds influence and affect them within their family and their relationship with Conrad in Ordinary People - Essay Example Calvin Jarrett, father of Conrad Jarrett is working as a Tax Attorney. His family background is pathetic because he spent his childhood in an orphanage. So he is well aware of his status and responsibilities as a father. He tried his best to be a good father but consider himself as a failure in relationship with his wife and son. The words: â€Å"Responsibility. That is fatherhood.† (Guest 9) makes clear that Calvin consider fatherhood as a serious matter and responsibility towards his son. But his problem was that he did not have any role model to follow because he spent his childhood in an orphanage. But his life at the orphanage deeply influences his family relation. He was ready to give up his affair with Molly Davis for the well being of his family. Beth shows keen interest to keep a balanced relation with his son who is too close to him. But his good character and keen interest to maintain cordial relation with his family members does not help him to maintain his family in a proper manner. Eventually, his wife decided to leave him amidst of problems. So, one can see that Beth’s family background as an orphan influence him to maintain affectionate relation with his son but it badly affect his relation with his wife and his lover. At the same time, Beth Jarrett, mother of Conrad is from a different family background which forces her to keep herself away from real life situations. She is so obsessed with imaginary vacations and wishes to keep away herself from family matters. The words of the speaker in the novel make clear that: â€Å"Self-possessed is what she is; he emphatically does not own her, nor does not have control over her, nor can he understand or even predict with reliability her moods, her attitudes.† (Guest 25) Beth was self-possessed personality and her husband did not have any control over her

Limited Liability in a Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Limited Liability in a Company - Essay Example The word limited indicates that the liability of members in respect of company’s debts and other liabilities is limited to amount contributed or undertaken by the member to contribute in respect of share capital of the company. Limited liability protects shareholders against any financial loss exceeding the investment4. It has been termed as the greatest single discovery of modern times, even more than steam and electricity.5 As per Ross Grantham and Charles Rickett6, there are certain economic justifications for such restriction of liabilities of a member of a limited body corporate. The limited liability reduces the shareholders’ responsibility to monitor corporate managers because the financial consequences of company failure on shareholders are limited. Corporate managers work efficiently for profit maximization because limited liability induces free share transferability that would force shareholders to withdraw funds from unprofitable ventures. Directors who run the company can take risky decisions as well as they aware that shareholders have nothing at stake.7 That is why Tony Orhnial8 states that limited liability ‘is not related to company structure but to the business’s economic risks, and is instrumental to the encouragement of entrepreneurial risk bearing and innovative attitude’. The principle of creating a limited liability company is that debts in case of failures cannot be carried back to founders9. Limited liability works as an extra non- taxable incentive for investments besides dividends and capital gains on transfers of shares that are taxable. Moreover, the attribute of ‘limited liability is quite significant when work locale, machinery, chemicals, or even artwork are potentially hazardous’10 Limited liability has helped to develop public share market.11 The primary objective of limited liability is to  encourage investment by the public in risk-taking enterprises by insulating the investing public from debts of the enterprise.

Health and Safety Essay Example for Free

Health and Safety Essay The main persons responsible for health, safety and welfare on a construction site are: ? Employer – their role is to conduct their business safely. In order to accomplish this, a supervisor (site manager) generally runs the site. They must ensure the health, safety and welfare at work of all employees; they should provide a safe system of work, with safe plant and equipment. Provide safe handling storage transport along with information, supervision and training. There must be safe access and egress from the place of work along with a safe environment to work in. The employer also has a responsibility to produce a policy to this effect, and must consult with and co-operate n developing safety measures. ? CDM coordinator (formally planning supervisor) – They have the overall responsibility to coordinate the health, safety and welfare aspects of the design and planning phase. Prepare the early stages of the health, safety and welfare plan. Advise Clients of the competence and adequate resource of the principle contactor and ensure that a health, safety and welfare file for each structure is delivered to the client on completion. Ensure that structures are designed and specified to minimise any possible risks to health, safety and welfare during construction, and during maintenance. Adequate information is provided on possible risks. Co-operation with the CDM coordinator. ? Principle Contractors – These are responsible for taking account of health, safety and welfare issues when preparing their tenders or estimates. Exclude unauthorised persons from the site Co-operate with the planning supervisor Coordinate activities, of all contractors, to ensure that they comply with the health, safety and welfare plan and provide information and training of employees and the self-employed about health, safety and welfare. ? Sub-contractors / Self employed – are to co-operate with the Principal Contractor on health, safety and welfare matters and explain how they will control the health, safety and welfare risks in their work. ? Employees – have a duty to follow the health, safety and welfare procedures that have been put in place and to use their initiative. They must wear suitable footwear or any other protective clothing which has been provided in accordance to what they are doing. Ensure that their working environment is safe at all times for themselves, work colleges and visitors to the site. They must cooperate with the employer and must not interfere with anything provided for safety. b) Identify three main pieces of health, safety and welfare legislation relevant to the construction and built environment sector and describe the legal duties of employees and employers in terms of such legislation. The health and safety at Work Act 1974 was introduced due to the constantly expanding laws on health, safety and welfare in the UK and consolidated much of the previous legislation and good practices. It placed duties upon a number of parties including employers, the self employed and employees. Employers have a duty to ensure, as far as is reasonably possible, the health, safety and welfare of their employees. Employees have a responsibility to take reasonable care for their own health and safety and for others who may be affected by their acts of omissions. The enforcement of the Act is carried out by HSE Inspectors and by the local authority inspectors. The nature of the main activity of the business determines the enforcing authority. When considering on an action, an inspector uses discretion but will consider the following: †¢ The Risk involved †¢ The Gravity of the alleged offence †¢ The history of the business in respect of previous events and their compliance †¢ The Inspector’s confidence in the management of the firm †¢ The likely effectiveness of a particular action The decision to bring about a prosecution rests with the enforcing authority. In respect of construction projects the main requirements of this Act is that employers also have a duty and responsibility to others working on a construction site, and for the safety of the public and other third parties. Under the health and safety at work Act 1974 umbrella falls much legislation such as: The Work at Height Regulations 2005 (Amended by the Work at Height Regulations 2007) Falls are the largest cause of accidental death in the construction industry. They account for 50% of all fatalities. There is no distinction between low and high falls). For any working at height, precautions are required to prevent or minimise the risk of injury from a fall. To prevent or minimise risk when planning for work at height, the employer should consider the work to be done and take a sensible risk-based approach to identify suitable precautions. The regulations apply to all work at height where there is a risk of a fall liable to cause personal injury. They place duties on employers, the self-employed, and any person who controls the work of others (e. . facilities managers or building owners who may contract others to work at height) to the extent they control the work. If you are an employee or working under someone else’s control, you must †¢ Report any safety hazard to them †¢ Use the equipment supplied (including safety devices) properly, following any training and instructions (unless you think that would be unsafe, in which case you should seek further instructions before continuing) As an employer you must do all that is reasonably practicable to prevent anyone falling. The regulations set out a simple hierarchy for managing and selecting equipment for work at height. [pic] The Regulations require dutyholders to ensure: †¢ All work at height is properly planned and organised †¢ All work at height takes account of weather conditions that could endanger health and safety †¢ Those involved in work at height are trained and competent †¢ The place where work at height is done is safe Equipment for work at height is appropriately inspected †¢ The risks from fragile surfaces are properly controlled. Reporting accidents and ill health at work is a legal requirement. The information enables the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and local authorities, to identify where and how risks arise, and to investigate serious accidents. Records of reportable injuries or dangerous occurrences must be kept. They must include the date and method of reporting; the date and time and place of the event; personal details of those involved; and a brief description of the nature of the event or disease. The records can be kept by: †¢ Keeping copies of report forms in a file Recording the details on a computer Using the Accident Book entry †¢ Maintaining a written log A report must be made if there is an accident connected with work and: †¢ An employee, or self-employed person working on the employee’s premises is killed or suffers a major injury (including as a result of physical violence) †¢ A member of public is killed or taken to hospital †¢ An employer must notify the enforcing authority without delay and give brief details about the business, the injured person and the accident. †¢ The employer must follow up with a completed accident report form (F2508) within ten days. An employee or self-employed person must report to an employer or person whose premises they are working in, any injury for either themselves or a member of public immediately. It is not the employee’s or self-employed persons responsibility to report to HSE or to update the Accident Book unless it is the Self-employed person’s premises. Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH) Thousands of people are exposed to all kinds of hazardous substances at work. These can include chemicals that people make or work with directly, and also dust, fume and bacteria, which can be present in the workplace. Exposure can happen by breathing them in, contact with the skin, splashing them into the eyes or swallowing them. If exposure is not prevented or properly controlled, it can cause serious illness, including cancer, asthma and dermatitis, and sometimes even death.

Crime and Punishment, Fathers and Sons, We Essay -- essays research pa

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Brilliance surely comes with a price. Often a protagonist is, in his own right, an absolute genius, but for this gift of vision, he must remain isolated for eternity. Crime and Punishment (1886), by Fyodor Dostoevsky, depicts a poverty stricken young man who discovers a revolutionary theory of the mind of a criminal. Despite his psychological insight, Raskolnikov is alienated from society, and eventually forced to test his theory upon himself. Ivan Turgenev’s Bazarov, in Fathers and Sons (1862), pioneers the anarchistic philosophy of nihilism, depending entirely on science and reason, but ends up falling passionately in love and then cast out, through death, from the rigidity of thought he held so dear. D-503, the main character of Yevgeny Zamyatin’s We (1921), discovers an immense and rigid counterculture and drowns himself in it, only to surface without anyone with whom to relate. Each author suggests the irony of a prophetic mind being wasted and outcast among ordinary men.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Raskolnikov, a former student, forced to drop out of the university because he is unable to afford the tuition, is forced to work part-time with his friend Razumihin as a translator. Through this endeavor, Raskolnikov, or Rodya as his mother calls him, becomes well versed in the literature and existentialist philosophies of the time. Writing to a local newspaper, Rodya ventures to propose a superman theory similar to that of Nietzsche, made popular around the time Dostoevsky wrote the novel. â€Å"I only believe in my leading idea that men are in general divided by a law of nature into two categories, inferior (ordinary)†¦ and men who have the gift or the talent to utter a new word.† This principle, that man is simply either ordinary or extraordinary, limited by rules and boundaries or allowed to transgress these barriers en route to his planned greater goal for humanity, gains Raskolnikov little profit or renown. Though the extraordinary man theory co uld easily be applied to Napoleon, as is done in Rodya’s thesis, few of Dostoevsky’s characters accept its revolutionary psychological approach to criminal behavior. Only the lead detective, Porfiry Petrovich, comes to accept Raskolnikov’s approach. This parallel epiphany is ironic, indeed, because throughout the novel, Rodya and Porfiry are cast as foils. Even this revelation, though... ...ian author, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, and Zamyatin, alienates true visionaries from their natural place at the head of society and implies a theme of the perils of idealism. Raskolnikov discovers a rationale for committing crimes in the name of a greater good, only to also discover the theory’s incredibly difficult guidelines of extraordinary men through self-experimentation. Bazarov’s nihilism and rationality is entirely contradicted by his adoption of romanticism in some circumstances, and the impossibility of nihilism is shown through his ignorance of this contradiction. D-503 awakens within himself a long-absent human nature with unlimited creative potential, only to realize its dangerous, anarchistic possibilities. Each protagonist comes across a revolutionary idea, only to eventually be dismissed, and ultimately forgotten, by society. Fyodor Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment (New York, NY: Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc., 1981) 243. Dostoevsky 63. Dostoevsky 387. Ivan Turgenev, Fathers and Sons (New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Company, 1996) 18. Turgenev 138. Turgenev 148. Yevgeny Zamyatin, We (New York, NY: Avon Books, Inc., 1972) 56. Zamyatin 177. Zamyatin 231.

Geopolitics in humanitarian action Essay

The analysis of how political decisions are conditioned by geographical settings is the subject matter of geopolitics. In purely spatial terms, geopolitics is the study of boundaries and areas. In conceptual terms, geopolitics comprises the study of international relations and the outcome of power struggles, at local and global scales. It explores events such as the emergence of new states, the fragmentation of countries, and regional conflicts affecting several countries. The most important and long-lasting geopolitical event of the 20th century is the Cold War. The international humanitarian system has witnessed a dramatically transformation since the end of the Cold War, and even more so since the â€Å"war on terror†. To understand humanitarian intervention in contemporary complex emergencies, the course will analyze the humanitarian action and the changing geopolitical system. We will discuss many of the fundamental debates concerning the nature, effectiveness and evolution of the humanitarian actions, the different humanitarian actors and the accompanying political dynamics that arise in variety of regional contexts. Among other issues, students will critically analyze the relationship between aid and conflict; concepts of neutrality; relationship to military intervention; among others. We will use case studies to understand the growing complexity and the political weave of actors and influences affecting all those involve in humanitarian action and the changing operating environment. The course will encourage students to consider what is or could be the international community‘s ―carrying capacity for response in a future of small-scale and regional wars producing humanitarian crises in the years to come. Finally, the course discussion will focus in on models of cooperation among actors that empower rather than marginalize those populations and communities trapped in conflict, displacement and deprivation. Course general objectives This course examines the evolution of the humanitarian action in relation to changes in the international system. The students will be able to: a) Analyze the political economy of conflict and humanitarian assistance; b) Analyze the evolving nature of conflict in the international context; c) Understand the evolving architecture of the international humanitarian system; d) Analyze contemporary aspects of security and conflict, the concept of state sovereignty, and the uneven geopolitics of humanitarian action; e) Explore major debates and controversies of contemporary humanitarian action. Methods of assessment Grading will be based on the following marks: VG or G (Distinction or Pass) as well as ECTS grades. Grading will be a combination of the in-class team oral presentations (40%), a written final essay (50%), and the active participation of students in class (10%). The groups will be integrated by 5 or 6 students each. They will present to the class one selected humanitarian intervention case in 30 minutes with 15 additional minutes for questions and answers. All members of the group should participate. Presentations will be scheduled the first day of the course. The humanitarian intervention recommended for presentations are: Syria, Iraq, former-Yugoslavia (Kosovo), the Horn of Africa, Ruanda, Afghanistan and Sudan. We can discuss other humanitarian interventions. This course is heavily participatory. For this reason, presence and active participation will be expected at all sessions. Participation shall reflect critical analysis and reflection based on readings. The final written essay will be submitted during the IX Session of the course (Friday 22 November). The professor will explain the essay ´s topic in the beginning of the course. The essay consists of a maximum of 2500 words. Preparation for class includes readings from books, articles, and websites. Classes are a combination of lecture, discussion, presentations, and videos. Sessions overview Session I: Mon 4 November, 10-12 Room TBA Introduction: Overview of course and topics presented; course requirements and expectations. Objectives: 1. Review of Syllabus; 2. Discussion of course requirements; 3. Selection of oral group presentations. Session II: Wed 6 November, 10-12 Room TBA Geopolitics: Overview Conflict analysis and the political economy of violence Objectives: 1.- Understand the changing dynamics of conflict in the international system; 2.- Develop alternative means of analyzing conflict and understanding the impact of conflict; 3.- Understand the interaction of humanitarian programming and conflict. Session III: Fri 8 November, 10-12 Room TBA International and regional organizations in the global system Objectives: 1.- Understand the role of governmental and non-governmental actors in the international system; 2.- Discuss the role of security institutions: What is the role of NATO, UN, UE, OAS and the other regional organizations in dealing with interstate and intrastate conflicts? Session IV: Mon 11 November, 10-12 Room Eng TBA The evolving nature of humanitarian crisis Objectives: 1.- Understand the changing nature of humanitarian crises; 2.- Analyze the implications for state sovereignty of International humanitarian action. Session V: Wed 13 November, 10-12 Room TBA An introduction to humanitarian action and the evolving architecture of humanitarian intervention Objectives: 1.- Describe the historical evolution and trends in humanitarian action; 2.- Understand the normative foundations of humanitarian action; 3.- Understand the normative frameworks that have guided humanitarian action. Session VI: Fri 15 November, 10-12 Room TBA Main players and actors in humanitarian action Objectives: 1.- Understand the definitions, types and organization of humanitarian agencies. Session VII: Mon 18 November, 10-12 Room TBA The contemporary operating environment Objectives: 1.-Explore the major debates and controversies of contemporary humanitarism Presentation of 2 Case Studies Session VII: Wed 20 November, 10-12 TBA The future of humanitarian action 1.-Understand a complex political emergency and its consequences; 2.-Identify recent trends in humanitarian action. Presentation of 2 case studies Session IX: Fri 22 November, 10-12 Room TBA Final discussion on models of cooperation among diverse actors that empower rather than marginalize vulnerable populations and communities trapped in conflict and humanitarian action. Presentation of 2 case studies and final essay submission. Literature List Books required: Walker, Peter & Daniel Maxwell. Shaping the Humanitarian World. New York: Routledge, 2009 http://www.amazon.com/Shaping-Humanitarian-World-Global-Institutions/dp/0415773717#reader_0415773717 Electronic resources: Anderson, Mary. The Do No Harm Handbook. Cambridge, Local Capacities for Peace, Project, 2004. Accessible on: http://www.cdainc.com/dnh/docs/DoNoHarmHandbook.pdf Barnett, Michael. Humanitarianism transformed. Perspectives on politics, Vol. 3, No.4 (Dec., 2005), pp. 723-740. Accessible on: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688176 Bellamy, Alex. The Responsibility to Protect—Five Years On. Ethics & International Affairs Vol.24 (2), 2010, pp. 143–169. Accessible on: http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/Bellamy.pdf Collinson, Sarah, Samir Elhawary and Robert Muggah. States of fragility: stabilization and its implications for humanitarian action. Disasters. Vol. 34 Supplement, 2010, pp. 275−S296. Accessible on: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/docs/5978.pdf Klare, Michael. The New Geography of Conflict. Foreign Affairs, Vol.80, No.3 (May-Jun., 2001), pp. 49-61. Accessible on: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20050150 Moore, Jonathan. Deciding Humanitarian Intervention. Social Research, Vol. 74, No. 1, Difficult Choices (SPRING 2007), pp. 169-200. Accessible on: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40971894 Rieff, David. Humanitarianism in crisis. Foreign Affairs, Vol.81, No.6 (Nov-Dec 2002), pp. 111-121. Accessible on: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20033348 Chapters of books recommended: Bellamy, Allex. †Humanitarian Intervention in world politics† in Baylis, John et al. The globalization of world politics: An introduction to international relations. Oxford: Oxford university Press, 2008, pp. 522-538. Duffield, Mark. †Global Governance and the New Wars† In Duffield, Mark. Global Governance and the Causes of Conflict. New York: Zed book, 2002, pp. 108-136. Keen, David, †Going to War: How Rational Is It? in International Committee of the Red. Cross, War, Money and Survival. Geneva, 2000, pp. 28-31. Kupchan, Charles A. †Empires and Geopolitical Competition: Gone for Good† in Crocker, Chester et al. (eds.) Turbulent Peace: The challenges of managing international conflict. Washington: United States Institute of Peace, 2001,pp. 39-52. Spearin, Christopher. †Humanitarians and mercenaries: Partners in security Governance?† in Krahmann, Elke. New threats and new actors in international security. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, pp. 45-68 Rufin, Jean-Christophe †The Economics of War: A New Theory for Armed Conflicts† in International Committee of the Red Cross. War, Money and Surviva, Geneva, 2000, pp. 22-27 Recommended reports and electronic articles: ICISS. The Responsibility to Protect. Report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty. New York, UN, 2001. Accessible on: http://responsibilitytoprotect.org/ICISS%20Report.pdf The Sphere Project. â€Å"Humanitarian Charter & Minimum Standards in Disaster Response† http://www.sphereproject.org/content/view/27/84/lang,english/ de Torrente, Nicolas. Humanitarian Action under Attack: Reflections on the Iraq War. Harvard Human Rights Journal. Vol. 17(1), 2004, pp. 1-30. Huysmans, Jef. Shape-Shifting NATO: Humanitarian Action and the Kosovo Refugee Crisis. Review of International Studies, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Jul., 2002), pp. 599-618. Accessible on: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20097813 Weiss, Thomas and Peter Hoffman. The Fog of Humanitarianism: Collective Action problems and Learning-Challenged Organizations. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, Vol.1 (1), 2007, pp. 47-65 Useful Humanitarian websites: Relief Web http://www.reliefweb.int Alert Net http://www.alertnet.org Collaborative learning project http://www.cdainc.com/cdawww/default.php United Nation Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. http://www.unocha.org/ World Food Program: http://www.wfp.org The Humanitarian Policy Group www.odi.org.uk/hpg/ The Humanitarian Practice Network www.odihpn.org/ The Sphere Project http://www.sphereproject.org/ Action Learning Network for Accountability http://www.alnap.org/ And Performance (ALNAP) The Humanitarian Accountability Partnership www.hapinternational.org/ International (HAP-I) People in Aid www.peopleinaid.org/ Websites of major humanitarian agencies UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian http://www.unocha.org/ Affairs (OCHA) International Committee of the Red Cross http://www.icrc.org/ International Federation of Red Cross and http://www.ifrc.org/ Red Crescent Societies Mà ©decins sans Frontià ¨res http://www.msf.org/ The World Food Programme http://www.wfp.org/ Oxfam http://www.oxfam.org/ World Vision http://www.wvi.org/ CARE http://www.care.org/ Journal of humanitarian Assistance: http://jha.ac Videos: Kofi Annan: Center of the Storm, PBS Video, 2002

The Leadership of Pres Kennedy and Johnson

Kennedy wasn†t in office for very long, his actions in and out of the whitehouse are legendary. When President Kennedy took the oath of office in 1960 he wasted no time in cleaning up America. Several bills were enacted in President Kennedy†s tenor. A lot of the major ones had to do with crime control. A lot of President Kennedy†s bills were targeted at organized crime. Bill S1653 was singed into action on September 13 1961. This was an interstate travel bill. The bill made it a crime to travel or use any facilities in interstate commerce with intent to conduct violent crimes to further illegal gambling, liquor, narcotics, or prostitution business. This bill had a major effect shutting down a lot of â€Å"speakeasy†s† which took care of gambling, and betting. Customs got a lot tighter which had a great impact on the running of liquor to foreign countries such as Canada and Mexico. A lot of drug pushers were arrested and many Bordellos† were also shut down. The senate passed Bill S1653 on July 28 and House on Aug 21. This was one of many anti-crime Bills that President Kennedy would enact throughout his term. A lot of his primary goals were oriented towards organized crime. Another one of President Kennedy†s crime Bills to be passed in 1961 having to do with crime was Bill S1656. This Bill made it a crime for anyone in the betting business to knowingly use a wire communication facility to transmit in interstate commerce any bets or wager information. Also it made it a crime to be caught with any betting paraphernalia such as parley sheets or wager stubs. This authorized a lot of wire-tapping and surveillance. Bill S1656 was passed by the Senate on July 28 and by the house on August 21 and was signed September 13. One other bill passed in 1961 by President Kennedy was the Fugitive felon act. This act made it a federal crime to cross boarders to avoid being prosecuted or remanded into custody after committing a violent crime or avoid giving testimony on a crime. This act was strongly enforced by local law enforcement agencies. The Federal firearms act of 1961 was a major bill passed for President Kennedy in 1961. This act prohibited the shipment of firearms in interstate and foreign lands to people under inditment for certain crimes. Not all of President Kennedy†s bills were directed towards the Mob and other such crime syndicates. President Kennedy also lobbied for the 1961 juvenile delinquency and youth offences control act. This act provided programs of federal assistance to state and local agencies to control delinquencies. It also authorized sections of health, education, and welfare to make grants for projects to improve methods of control, treatment and prevention of delinquency and to establish personal training programs. This bill was mainly focused at gang members, drug addicts, and first time offenders under the age of eighteen. In 1962 President Kennedy continued his onslaught on organized crime. One of his first acts was to enact an anti-crime bill that put a stop to interstate travel of gambling machines. Bill S1658 broadened on the 1951 ban on interstate travel of gambling machines to include shipments to points in the U.S. through foreign commerce and any machines including roulette wheels. Roulette wheels were included simply for the fact that they are a machine that is wagered upon were the course of action can result in the transfer of currency and or property. This bill was ironically called the Gambling Devices act of 1962. The Senate passed this bill by voice vote on July 27, 1961 and by the House June 29. This Bill was then signed into law October 18, 1962. Another bill that was going through congress was the eighth in a package of anti-crime bills proposed in 1962. Only two of the bills actually got anywhere. They were bills S1658 (the gambling machine bill) and bill S1655. This bill allowed the granting of court immunity to certain witnesses in labor-management racketeering cases. The Senate passed this in 1961. After president Kennedy was assassinated on November twenty-second, 1963, Vice-president Johnson was sworn into office at 2:38 PM later that day. President Johnson picked up where his predecessor left off. This led to the creation of a presidential committee on youth crime and juvenile delinquency with major stress on major cities such as New York, New Haven, San Francisco, and Cleveland. Other provisions to this act that differed from the first are setting up detoxification centers for drug abusers. One of his major acts was appealing to congress for drug laws and punishment. In 1964 a bill went through congress stating that there wasn†t â€Å"adequate means for detecting illegal diversions (of psychotoxic drugs) from legitimate channels. The reason for this bill was to make the non-legit licensed drug pushing a federal crime. One of the problems was that for the bill to be effective the regulation of such drugs had to cover intrastate as well as interstate commerce. The reason congress had to do this was because the drugs themselves do not come with labels stating their origins, and because of the manor that the drugs are held and or consumed a placing of their origin could be very taxing. For example because of foreign commerce certain drugs from for example Columbia might be treated more or less over say Peru. On August fifteenth 1964 congress passed bill number S 2628 by voice vote. There was no objection to the bill. The narcotics bill passed through congress and was eventually signed by President Johnson. On a related note the previous bill was the only directly involved narcotics bill in 1964. Around the same time that the narcotics bill was going through congress, the Senate Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee filed a report on August 31. The report basically stated that the Narcotics Control Act of 1956 wasn†t working. The committee stated that â€Å"it failed in its initial determent purpose.† To help solve the problem the subcommittee recommended passage of several legislative measures. One of the bills was S 2628 this bill stated that instead of sentencing addicts, the way to handle them was to set up hospitals and detoxification centers. This was the new way to handle drug abusers. In 1965 President Johnson began to take a look at an increase in Mafia action that has been on a steady incline since 1961. In 1965 several bills were formed to combat organized crime. Senator†s John L McClellen (DArk) and Senator Frank J Lausche (D Ohio) submitted four bills in a package on June 24. The bills were as follows: 2187: Made it illegal to be involved in Mafia or any â€Å"secret society† that made their living by committing criminal activity. 2188: Made it a crime to obstruct federal procedures or investigations by attempting to bribe officials involved or witnesses. 2189: Legalized certain wire-tapping by federal agents for violation of federal law. 2190: Permitted witness in federal grand jury investigation to be compelled to testify and provide that they could be granted immunity from prosecution based on their compelled testimony. In early August of 1965, President Johnson urged for the enactment of the Law Enforcement Assistance Act of 1965 to supplement federal law training to local law enforcement officers as the FBI had conducted in the past. The purpose of the act was to provide training programs and demonstration projects in police work to update and improve the standards of local law enforcement personnel. The house passed on August 2, bill HR 8207 which authorized an appropriation of ten million dollars to implement the act in fiscal 1966. In 1967 the Omnibus District of Columbia Crime bill was passed which provided for warrentless arrests for minor misdemeanors and issuance of summons. In addition President Johnson also established a Federal Judiciary center to improve the operation of the federal judiciary and for protecting witnesses and informants from such enemy†s like the mob or other syndicated crime organizations. The Safe Streets and Crime Control act was passed to provide money for research and education for many ordinary street crimes. This set up the pathway for local organizations such as neighborhood watch. An Addition to that act was to focus again on juvenile crime. Thus the Juvenile Bill of 1967 was adopted. This bill also provided more money to develop and improve existing facilities regarding juvenile crimes. The money that was given went to: A. Appoint the Commission on crime and delinquency to do research on crime in the U.S. B. Appoint the Commission on law enforcement and administration of justice. A major contribution to the growing violence in America was guns. President Kennedy didn†t touch much on gun control. Neither did President Johnson until 1968. In 1968 President Johnson signed the gun control act. This act stated that a better control of interstate traffic in firearms was needed. This bill enabled support to federal, state and local law enforcement officials in their fight against violence and crime. President Johnson wasn†t only interested in fighting injustices on earth. Also in 1968 he signed an agreement between the U.S. and USSR banning nuclear weapons in outerspace. In conclusion President Kennedy and President Johnson both did a lot for crime control. A lot of the bills and act in which they personally oversaw are still in use today. Both had a lot to say and put their words into action. A lot of attention may have been swayed during the Johnson administration due to Vietnam. But President Johnson didn†t allow this to focus here at home as well. A lot has been done to prevent crime. A lot still needs to be done. With a little faith our presidents will continue to sign bills that will keep our streets safe and take care of crime in America. It isn†t very easy to get a bill to become a law. Most proposed bills never leave the floor before they are thrown out. Only the bills that have strong effects and are truly needed become laws in America.

buy custom Maternal Child Nursing Care essay

buy custom Maternal Child Nursing Care essay 1) Explain why antibiotics cannot be used to treat acute respiratory tract infections? a) Acute respiratory infections are viral. b) Antibiotics are associated with numerous side effects. c) Organisms responsible for the infections are resistant to antibiotics d) Acute respiratory tract infections are incurable Answer A Acute respiratory infections are viral. Rationale Most of the respiratory tract infections are viral and assigning antibiotics is unnecessary. Conditions can be managed by use of analgesics, decongestants and supportive therapy. 2) Nasal pharyngitis is highly contagious. Choose the way of preventing its spread from answers outlined below. a) Carefully disposing materials like tissues. b) Avoid sharing eating utensils. c) Washing hands thoroughly after nose blowing. d) All the above Answer D Rationale All the above methods can be used to prevent the spread of nasal pharyngitis. 3) Why do children have larger tonsils than adults? a) They are more susceptible to URIs than adults. b) Tonsils undergo enlargement after birth c) Prevalence of tonsillitis in infants causes enlargement d) Tonsils shrink as people get older. Answer A They are more susceptible to URIs than adults Rationale The larger tonsils offer the much needed protection from URIs. Immunity in children is less effective than that in adults. 4) How can pneumonia be prevented in infants and children? a) Treatment using antibiotics. b) Avoiding overcrowded places c) Through vaccination. d) None of the above Answer C Through the vaccination Rationale Vaccination can be done using heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (recommended for infants and children below 23months). Polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine provides protection in children above 24 months. 5) Children with HIV are more likely to be diagnosed with TB, explain why. a) Low immunity b) TB is an opportunistic disease c) HIV and TB are caused by similar organism d) HIV is a precursor for TB infections Answer A Low immunity Buy custom Maternal Child Nursing Care essay

10 Unconditional Love Quotes

10 Unconditional Love Quotes True love is selfless and unconditional. True love knows no boundaries. It is not judgmental but highly accommodating. Unconditional love only gives but does not take anything in return. You Find Unconditional Love in Places You Wont Even Look The love of a mother  is unconditional. A dog loves its master unconditionally. An infant has unconditional love for its mother. You will see that naive love is unconditional. It is tender, caring, and nurturing. The Bible says that Jesus loved his disciples unconditionally.   Forgiveness Is Unconditional Love Forgiveness is an intrinsic part of unconditional love. When you love someone deeply, you find the heart to forgive. You can overlook the blemishes because your love overcomes the flaws. Martin Luther King Jr. beautifully put it in words when he said, He who is devoid of the power to forgive, is devoid of the power to love. Unconditional love never imposes, never tries to change the other person. Writer Thomas Merton said, The beginning of love is to let those we love be perfectly themselves, and not to twist them to fit our own image. Otherwise we love only the reflection of ourselves we find in them. Here are 10 unconditional love quotes to strengthen your heart. Robert Wagner A dog will teach you unconditional love. If you can have that in your life, things wont be too bad. C. JoyBell C. It should be a privilege to be able to say I love you to someone. It shouldnt be something people say just because they feel like it. A privilege that is earned. They say you have to earn the right to be loved; no, love is unconditional, if you love someone, they dont have to earn it. But. The right to tell someone that you love them? That has to be earned. You have to earn the right to be believed. Mitch Albom, For One More Day When you look into your mother’s eyes, you know that is the purest love you can find on this earth. John Perry Barlow But groundless hope, like unconditional love, is the only kind worth having. Markus Zusak, The Book Thief No matter how many times she was told that she was loved, there was no recognition that the proof was in the abandonment. Ann Brashares Parents were the only ones obligated to love you; from the rest of the world you had to earn it. Isabel Allende Accept the children the way we accept trees- with gratitude, because they are a blessing- but do not have expectations or desires. You don’t expect trees to change, you love them as they are. Leo Buscaglia Only when we give joyfully, without hesitation or thought of gain, can we truly know what  love  means. Deb Caletti, The Secret Life of Prince Charming Unconditional love is like a country of two with no laws and no government. Which is all fine if everyone is peaceful and law abiding. In the wrong hands, though, you got looting and crime sprees, and let me tell you, the people who demand unconditional love are usually the ones who will rob and pillage and then blame you because you left your door unlocked. Nicholas Sparks, The Wedding What its like to be a parent: Its one of the hardest things youll ever do but in exchange it teaches you the meaning of unconditional love.

Contempary issues in change management - Major Assignment Essay

Contempary issues in change management - Major Assignment - Essay Example s for inculcating a new change management organizational culture that has, at its core, the process robust knowledge management which ensures a healthy employees’ participation through the concepts of employee empowerment and employee motivation within the ambit of a transformational approach to change management. The very first important step toward creating a change management system within any organization is the thorough assessment of the organization culture, to assess the level of change management maturity level. Such a change process will transform itself into competitive advantage only when it is properly captured, inculcated and shared and of these the very important step being the capturing of the change management system. Capturing of such a system as a dynamic snapshot -particularly in high value selling environments like the one prevailing in the Corporate Express Australia Ltd (the organization under reference) and which is at the centre of this research is highly problematic as the nature of tasks and activities within these organization are very unpredictable, complex and dynamic, dynamic in the sense because of constant, recurrent and reorganization of the organizational targets and objectives to match changing environment. Changing environment warrants capturing of knowledg e and knowledge management within the organization. Thus one should have an organizational culture that leads to the maximum capture of the environmental and business specific knowledge; ensures its total assimilation and utilizes it in making time specific effective decisions that maximize the value for the organization in its value chain-which can be interpreted in financial terminology in terms of profits and turnover on the one hand and improved or enhanced employees’ productivity and satisfaction, on the other hand. Thus organizational culture and knowledge management systems can be used as tools to target above financial and employees’ specific variables under